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Antifreeze (Ethylene Glycol)

Pet toxin reference — educational information only.
Pet toxins

What to know

Antifreeze (Ethylene Glycol) — toxicity in dogs and cats

EmergencyApplies to: dogs and cats.

Overview

Antifreeze containing ethylene glycol is one of the deadliest poisons for dogs and cats. It has a sweet taste that attracts animals, and as little as one tablespoon can kill a cat and five tablespoons can kill a medium-sized dog. Ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed and metabolized into toxic compounds that destroy the kidneys. There is an effective antidote (fomepizole for dogs, ethanol for cats), but it must be administered within hours of ingestion - once kidney failure sets in, the damage is typically irreversible. Common sources include automotive antifreeze, leaking radiators, winterized toilet bowls in vacation homes, and some de-icing products. Antifreeze spills in garages and driveways are a leading cause of pet poisoning, especially in winter months.

Symptoms

Wobbling, vomiting, seizures, rapid kidney failure

Typical onset

30 minutes - 12 hours

What to do

Seek emergency care immediately. There is an antidote but it must be given within hours. Extremely lethal.

This page is educational and does not replace veterinary advice. If your pet may have been exposed, call UVEC at (801) 218-2227 or ASPCA Poison Control at (888) 426-4435.

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Antifreeze containing ethylene glycol is one of the deadliest poisons for dogs and cats. It has a sweet taste that attracts animals, and as little as one tablespoon can kill a cat and five tablespoons can kill a medium-sized dog. Ethylene glycol is rapidly absorbed and metabolized into toxic compounds that destroy the kidneys. There is an effective antidote (fomepizole for dogs, ethanol for cats), but it must be administered within hours of ingestion - once kidney failure sets in, the damage is typically irreversible. Common sources include automotive antifreeze, leaking radiators, winterized toilet bowls in vacation homes, and some de-icing products. Antifreeze spills in garages and driveways are a leading cause of pet poisoning, especially in winter months.

Symptoms
Wobbling, vomiting, seizures, rapid kidney failure
Onset
30 minutes - 12 hours
What to do now
Seek emergency care immediately. There is an antidote but it must be given within hours. Extremely lethal.
Call UVEC now: (801) 218-2227
This tool is informational only and does not replace veterinary advice. If ingestion may have happened, contact UVEC at (801) 218-2227 or ASPCA Poison Control at (888) 426-4435.